Sentencing disparity - Revision history

Robert Brockway at 08:22, 28 August 2023

2023-08-28T08:22:36Z

Robert Brockway at 10:45, 4 August 2023

2023-08-04T10:45:11Z

Robert Brockway at 10:45, 4 August 2023

2023-08-04T10:45:00Z

Robert Brockway at 10:44, 4 August 2023

2023-08-04T10:44:49Z

Robert Brockway at 10:44, 4 August 2023

2023-08-04T10:44:12Z

Robert Brockway at 22:44, 27 November 2022

2022-11-27T22:44:22Z

Robert Brockway at 05:28, 1 January 2022

2022-01-01T05:28:59Z

Robert Brockway at 09:28, 12 June 2020

2020-06-12T09:28:25Z

Robert Brockway at 09:28, 12 June 2020

2020-06-12T09:28:13Z

Robert Brockway at 09:25, 12 June 2020

2020-06-12T09:25:58Z

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 *[[Sonja Starr]]
 *[[Women in prison]]
 == External Links ==
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 *[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2144002 Estimating Gender Disparities in Federal Criminal Cases]
 *[https://www.law.umich.edu/newsandinfo/features/Pages/starr_gender_disparities.aspx Article from the University of Michigan on gender sentencing disparity]
 {{Featured}}

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 == Files ==
-*[File:Bontrager_Gender_and_Sentencing_2013.pdf]
+*[[File:Bontrager_Gender_and_Sentencing_2013.pdf]]
 {{Featured}}

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 == Files ==
-*[Bontrager_Gender_and_Sentencing_2013.pdf]
+*[File:Bontrager_Gender_and_Sentencing_2013.pdf]
 {{Featured}}

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 *[http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2144002 Estimating Gender Disparities in Federal Criminal Cases]
 *[https://www.law.umich.edu/newsandinfo/features/Pages/starr_gender_disparities.aspx Article from the University of Michigan on gender sentencing disparity]
 == Files ==
 *[Bontrager_Gender_and_Sentencing_2013.pdf]
 == References ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 10:44, 4 August 2023
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	{{wikipedia}}		{{wikipedia}}
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		+	== Files ==
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		+	*[Bontrager_Gender_and_Sentencing_2013.pdf]

	== References ==		== References ==

← Older revision		Revision as of 05:28, 1 January 2022
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	'''Sentencing disparity''' is defined as "a form of unequal treatment that is of often of unexplained cause and is at least incongruous, unfair and disadvantaging in consequence".<ref>[http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=101&page=9 Alfred Blumstein, et al. ''Research on Sentencing: The Search for Reform'', Volume II (1983)]</ref> It is important to distinguish disparity from differences that arise due to legitimate use of discretion in the application of the [[law]] and those difference that arise due to discrimination or other, unexplained, causes unrelated to the issues found in the specific criminal case.		'''Sentencing disparity''' is defined as "a form of unequal treatment that is of often of unexplained cause and is at least incongruous, unfair and disadvantaging in consequence".<ref>[http://books.nap.edu/openbook.php?record_id=101&page=9 Alfred Blumstein, et al. ''Research on Sentencing: The Search for Reform'', Volume II (1983)]</ref> It is important to distinguish disparity from differences that arise due to legitimate use of discretion in the application of the [[law]] and those difference that arise due to discrimination or other, unexplained, causes unrelated to the issues found in the specific criminal case.

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 A 2001 University of Georgia study found substantial disparity in criminal sentencing men and women received "after controlling for extensive criminological, demographic, and socioeconomic variables".  The study found that "blacks and males are... less likely to get no prison term when that option is available; less likely to receive downward departures [from the guidelines]; and more likely to receive upward adjustments and, conditioned on having a downward departure, receive smaller reductions than whites and females".<ref>http://www.terry.uga.edu/~mustard/sentencing.pdf</ref>
-A 2012 study by Professor [[Sonja Starr]] of the University of Michigan Law School found that the sentencing gender disparity in federal cases in the United States was approximately six times greater than the racial disparity for comparable offences.  Professor Staff also found that women were twice as likely to avoid incarceration if they were convicted and that "more disparity is introduced at each phase of the justice process.".<ref>http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2144002 Estimating Gender Disparities in Federal Criminal Cases</ref><ref>https://www.law.umich.edu/newsandinfo/features/Pages/starr_gender_disparities.aspx</ref>
+A 2012 study by Professor [[Sonja Starr]] of the University of Michigan Law School found that the sentencing gender disparity in federal cases in the United States was approximately six times greater than the racial disparity for comparable offences.  Professor Staff also found that women were twice as likely to avoid incarceration if they were convicted and that "more disparity is introduced at each phase of the justice process."<ref>http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2144002 Estimating Gender Disparities in Federal Criminal Cases</ref><ref>https://www.law.umich.edu/newsandinfo/features/Pages/starr_gender_disparities.aspx</ref>
 == See Also ==