Grace Marks - Revision history

Robert Brockway at 05:51, 31 August 2024

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Robert Brockway at 05:50, 31 August 2024

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Robert Brockway: Partial import from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grace_Marks&oldid=1233591330

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Partial import from https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grace_Marks&oldid=1233591330

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Grace Marks (c. 1828 – after c. 1873) was an Irish-Canadian maid and convicted murderer. Her conviction was controversial at the time and sparked debate about whether Marks was actually instrumental in the murder or merely an unwitting accessory. Marks was the subject of Margaret Atwood's historical fiction novel Alias Grace and its adaptations in other media.

== Early Life ==

Marks was born and raised in Ulster, Ireland. Her father, John Marks, was a stonemason. She, along with her parents and eight siblings, immigrated to Upper Canada in 1840, when Grace was twelve. Her mother died on the ship en route to Canada and was buried at sea.

== Murders ==

Marks was employed as a maid in the house of Yonge Street farmer Thomas Kinnear, who was in a sexual relationship with his housekeeper, Nancy Montgomery. In July 1843, Kinnear and Montgomery were murdered by James McDermott, a servant.[2][3] Kinnear was shot and Montgomery, who was pregnant at the time of her death, was hit on the head with an axe and subsequently strangled before being dismembered and hidden under a large tub.[4] Under the alias "Mary Whitney", Marks fled with McDermott to the U.S., but they were apprehended in Lewiston, New York, and deported to Toronto. It remains unclear whether Marks took part in the double murder.[4]

Marks was tried with McDermott for the murder of Kinnear. A trial for Montgomery's murder was to follow, but was deemed unnecessary as both defendants were convicted of Kinnear's murder and sentenced to death. Before McDermott was hanged, he insisted that Marks was, "an evil genius who masterminded the double murder, then feigned mental illness in order to avoid the gallows".[5] Marks's sentence, however, was commuted to life in prison which she served in Kingston Penitentiary. At one period (May 4, 1852 – August 18, 1853) she was committed to an asylum but was later returned to Kingston Penitentiary. In 1872, after almost thirty years of incarceration, Marks was pardoned and moved to upstate New York. After that she disappeared from the historical record.[4]

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:Grace_Marks_and_James_McDermott_Sketches.jpg|thumb|A contemporary sketch of Grace Marks (left) and her co-accused, James McDermott.]]
-Grace Marks (c. 1828 – after c. 1873) was an Irish-Canadian maid and convicted murderess. Her conviction was controversial at the time.  She and her co-accused James McDermott blamed each other for the murders.  Demonstrating the [[gynocentrism]] of the time public opinion strongly favoured Marks.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
+Grace Marks (c. 1828 – after 1872) was an Irish-Canadian maid and convicted murderess. Her conviction was controversial at the time.  She and her co-accused James McDermott blamed each other for the murders.  Demonstrating the [[gynocentrism]] of the time public opinion strongly favoured Marks.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
 Marks was the subject of Margaret Atwood's historical fiction novel Alias Grace and its adaptations in other media.

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 == Later Life ==
-Marks was pardoned in 1872 following a sustained campaign by influential supporters.  She then reportedly moved to New York City and fell in to obscurity.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
+Marks was pardoned in 1872 following a sustained campaign by influential supporters.  She then reportedly moved to [[New York City]] and fell in to obscurity.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
 {{Bio}}

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 == Later Life ==
-Marks was pardoned in 1872 following a sustained campaign by influential supporters.  She then reportedly moved to New York and fell in to obscurity.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
+Marks was pardoned in 1872 following a sustained campaign by influential supporters.  She then reportedly moved to New York City and fell in to obscurity.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
 {{Bio}}

@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 == Later Life ==
-Marks was pardoned in 1872 following a sustained campaign by influential supporters.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
+Marks was pardoned in 1872 following a sustained campaign by influential supporters.  She then reportedly moved to New York and fell in to obscurity.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
 {{Bio}}

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:Grace_Marks_and_James_McDermott_Sketches.jpg|thumb|A contemporary sketch of Grace Marks (left) and her co-accused, James McDermott.]]
-Grace Marks (c. 1828 – after c. 1873) was an Irish-Canadian maid and convicted murderess. Her conviction was controversial at the time.  She and her co-accused James McDermott blamed each other for the murders.  Demonstrating the [[gynocentrism]] of the time public opinion strongly favoured Marks.
+Grace Marks (c. 1828 – after c. 1873) was an Irish-Canadian maid and convicted murderess. Her conviction was controversial at the time.  She and her co-accused James McDermott blamed each other for the murders.  Demonstrating the [[gynocentrism]] of the time public opinion strongly favoured Marks.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
 Marks was the subject of Margaret Atwood's historical fiction novel Alias Grace and its adaptations in other media.
@@ Line 17: / Line 17: @@
 == Later Life ==
-Marks was pardoned in 1872 following a sustained campaign by influential supporters.
+Marks was pardoned in 1872 following a sustained campaign by influential supporters.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
-She then reportedly moved to New York and fell in to obscurity.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref>
+She then reportedly moved to New York and fell in to obscurity.<ref>https://museumhack.com/grace-marks/</ref><ref>https://archive.is/wip/g9e72</ref>
 {{Bio}}
@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 {{Pardoned}}
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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 [[File:Grace_Marks_and_James_McDermott_Sketches.jpg|thumb|A contemporary sketch of Grace Marks (left) and her co-accused, James McDermott.]]
-Grace Marks (c. 1828 – after c. 1873) was an Irish-Canadian maid and convicted murderer. Her conviction was controversial at the time and sparked debate about whether Marks was actually instrumental in the murder or merely an unwitting accessory. Marks was the subject of Margaret Atwood's historical fiction novel Alias Grace and its adaptations in other media.
+Grace Marks (c. 1828 – after c. 1873) was an Irish-Canadian maid and convicted murderess. Her conviction was controversial at the time.  She and her co-accused James McDermott blamed each other for the murders.  Demonstrating the [[gynocentrism]] of the time public opinion strongly favoured Marks.
 == Early Life ==
@@ Line 11: / Line 13: @@
 Marks was employed as a maid in the house of Yonge Street farmer Thomas Kinnear, who was in a sexual relationship with his housekeeper, Nancy Montgomery. In July 1843, Kinnear and Montgomery were murdered by James McDermott, a servant. Kinnear was shot and Montgomery, who was pregnant at the time of her death, was hit on the head with an axe and subsequently strangled before being dismembered and hidden under a large tub. Under the alias "Mary Whitney", Marks fled with McDermott to the U.S., but they were apprehended in Lewiston, New York, and deported to Toronto. It remains unclear whether Marks took part in the double murder.
-Marks was tried with McDermott for the murder of Kinnear. A trial for Montgomery's murder was to follow, but was deemed unnecessary as both defendants were convicted of Kinnear's murder and sentenced to death. Before McDermott was hanged, he insisted that Marks was, "an evil genius who masterminded the double murder, then feigned mental illness in order to avoid the gallows". Marks's sentence, however, was commuted to life in prison which she served in Kingston Penitentiary. At one period (May 4, 1852 – August 18, 1853) she was committed to an asylum but was later returned to Kingston Penitentiary. In 1872, after almost thirty years of incarceration, Marks was pardoned and moved to upstate New York. After that she disappeared from the historical record.
+Marks was tried with McDermott for the murder of Kinnear. A trial for Montgomery's murder was to follow, but was deemed unnecessary as both defendants were convicted of Kinnear's murder and sentenced to death. Before McDermott was hanged, he insisted that Marks was, "an evil genius who masterminded the double murder, then feigned mental illness in order to avoid the gallows". Marks's sentence, however, was commuted to life in prison which she served in Kingston Penitentiary. At one period (May 4, 1852 – August 18, 1853) she was committed to an asylum but was later returned to Kingston Penitentiary.
 {{Bio}}
 {{CA}}
-{{Convicted}}
+{{Featured}}
 {{History}}
 {{US}}

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+{{Featureed}}
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